Histone Acyl Code in Precision Oncology: Mechanistic Insights from Dietary and Metabolic Factors
These videos have been matched automatically. Contact us if they are not relevant.
These videos have been matched automatically. Contact us if they are not relevant.
View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Dietary habits influence cancer through epigenetic changes, particularly histone acylation. Understanding this
Area Of Science
- Epigenetics and Cancer Biology
- Nutritional Biochemistry
- Metabolic Regulation
Background
- Cancer development involves intricate genetic and non-genetic factors, with epigenetics playing a critical regulatory role.
- Poor diet impacts epigenetic mechanisms like DNA methylation and histone modifications, influencing cancer predisposition.
- Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs), especially acylation, translate metabolic states into gene expression patterns.
Purpose Of The Study
- To review the role of dietary and metabolism-derived histone acylation in cancer progression.
- To explore specific histone acylation types beyond acetylation and their influence on the gut microbiome.
- To discuss histone acyl readers, writers, and erasers for cancer prevention and treatment strategies.
Main Methods
- Literature review of epigenetic mechanisms in cancer etiology.
- Analysis of the impact of dietary metabolites on histone acyl modifications.
- Examination of the role of histone acyl-modifying enzymes in cancer.
Main Results
- Dietary habits significantly alter histone acylation patterns, influencing cancer development.
- Metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells is linked to specific histone acylation changes.
- Dietary metabolites can reshape the gut microbiome, affecting histone acyl repertoires.
- Histone acylation dynamics are implicated in cancer progression and can be modulated.
Conclusions
- The 'acyl code' offers novel insights into cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
- Targeting histone acylation pathways presents potential strategies for cancer prevention and therapy.
- Understanding the interplay between diet, metabolism, and epigenetics is crucial for advancing cancer research.
These videos have been matched automatically. Contact us if they are not relevant.
These videos have been matched automatically. Contact us if they are not relevant.
Related Concept Videos
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3...
Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...