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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Force On Current-Carrying Wires: Example01:22

Magnetic Force On Current-Carrying Wires: Example

In a magnetic field, moving charges encounter a force. If a wire contains these moving charges, i.e., if the wire is carrying a current, then a force acts on the wire as well. Consider a pair of flexible leads holding a wire that is 40 cm long and 10 g in weight in a horizontal position. The wire is placed in a constant magnetic field of 0.40 T, as shown in Figure 1(a). Determine the magnitude and direction of the current flowing in the wire needed to remove the tension in the supporting leads.
Eddy Currents01:25

Eddy Currents

Since eddy currents occur only in conductors, magnets can separate metals from other materials. For example, in a recycling center, trash is dumped in batches down a ramp, beneath which lies a powerful magnet. Conductors in the trash are slowed by eddy currents, while nonmetals in the trash move on, separating from the metals. This works for all metals, not just ferromagnetic ones.
Other major applications of eddy currents appear in metal detectors and the braking systems of trains and roller...
Magnetic Damping01:17

Magnetic Damping

Eddy currents can produce significant drag on motion, called magnetic damping. For instance, when a metallic pendulum bob swings between the poles of a strong magnet, significant drag acts on the bob as it enters and leaves the field, quickly damping the motion.
If, however, the bob is a slotted metal plate, the magnet produces a much smaller effect. When a slotted metal plate enters the field, an emf is induced by the change in flux; however, it is less effective because the slots limit the...

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A Wireless Passive Pressure-Sensing Method for Cryogenic Applications Using Magnetoresistors.

Ziqi Zhao1, Michitaka Yamamoto1, Seiichi Takamatsu1

  • 1Department of Precision Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary

We developed a new wireless, passive pressure sensor for cryogenic temperatures. This robust, low-cost sensor uses a magnetoresistor and backscattering antenna for reliable remote pressure monitoring at -196 °C.

Keywords:
backscatteringcryogenicmagnetoresistorpassivepressure sensingwireless

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Area of Science:

  • Cryogenic Engineering
  • Wireless Sensor Technology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Traditional cryogenic pressure sensors face challenges due to poor low-temperature tolerance and complex wiring for power and data.
  • Existing methods require cumbersome setups, limiting their application in extreme cold environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel wireless, passive pressure-sensing method specifically for cryogenic temperatures (-196 °C).
  • To overcome the limitations of conventional sensors in extreme cold environments.
  • To enable simple, robust, and cost-effective pressure monitoring in cryogenics.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of a low-temperature-tolerant magnetoresistor (MR) onto a backscattering antenna.
  • Utilizing the pressure-induced displacement between the MR and a magnet to modulate antenna return loss.
  • Employing a wireless backscattering technique for passive data acquisition.

Main Results:

  • The fabricated sensor successfully detected varying pressures at both room temperature (24 °C) and cryogenic temperature (-196 °C).
  • Achieved high sensitivities of 4.3 dB/MPa (room temperature) and 1.3 dB/MPa (cryogenic temperature).
  • Demonstrated the capability for simultaneous wireless readings of multiple sensors by frequency band separation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method offers a low-cost, simple, robust, passive, and wireless solution for pressure measurement at -196 °C.
  • This technology is highly desirable for various cryogenic applications requiring reliable pressure monitoring.
  • The sensor's design overcomes the limitations of existing technologies in extreme cold environments.