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A CFO-Assisted Algorithm for Wireless Time-Difference-of-Arrival Localization Networks: Analytical Study and
Cédric Hannotier1, François Horlin1, François Quitin1
1Brussels School of Engineering, Université libre de Bruxelles, Avenue Franklin Roosevelt 50, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 10, 2024
Summary
This study introduces a novel wireless transmitter localization method using a single message for anchor node synchronization. It leverages Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) and Time of Arrival (ToA) for accurate positioning and speed estimation.
Area of Science:
- Wireless communication
- Localization systems
- Signal processing
Background:
- Traditional wireless localization relies on Radio Frequency (RF) sensors measuring propagation delays.
- Accurate localization requires precise time synchronization between anchor nodes.
- Existing Over-The-Air (OTA) synchronization methods often need multiple messages, increasing overhead.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose a new, efficient synchronization method for wireless localization systems.
- To achieve tight synchronization using only a single message from a reference transmitter.
- To enable accurate localization and target speed estimation.
Main Methods:
- A novel synchronization technique utilizing Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) and Time of Arrival (ToA) of a single reference message.
- ToA compensates for absolute time offsets of anchor nodes.
- CFO compensates for local oscillator drift and enables target speed estimation.
Main Results:
- Analytical derivation of the proposed algorithm's error.
- Validation through controlled laboratory experiments.
- Demonstration of effectiveness with realistic outdoor vehicular measurements using a software-defined radio testbed.
Conclusions:
- The proposed method achieves tight synchronization with a single message, reducing overhead.
- It accurately compensates for time offsets and local oscillator drift.
- The algorithm effectively estimates target speed and is validated in diverse environments.
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