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Home enteral nutrition does not decrease oral feeding in children during the first year of nutritional support.

L Zambelli1, M Aumar2, D Ley2

  • 1Univ. Lille, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, CHU Lille, Inserm U1286 INFINITE, Lille, France; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium.

Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
|February 10, 2024
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Summary

Enteral nutrition does not significantly change pediatric oral feeding during the first year. The method of administration, such as continuous or bolus feeding, may influence oral intake development.

Keywords:
Enteral nutritionOral feedingPediatrics

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Child Health

Background:

  • Enteral nutrition is crucial for children with poor nutritional status and inadequate oral intake.
  • The impact of enteral nutrition on spontaneous oral feeding in pediatric populations remains under-researched.
  • This study addresses the gap in understanding how enteral nutrition affects oral intake in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate changes in oral feeding intake in pediatric patients after initiating enteral nutrition.
  • To identify specific factors that influence the variation in oral feeding.
  • To assess the long-term effects of enteral nutrition on oral intake in children.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study of 149 pediatric patients receiving home enteral nutrition from 2009-2022.
  • Oral and enteral intake were assessed at baseline (M0) and at 3, 6, and 12 months (M3, M6, M12) follow-ups.
  • Linear mixed regression models were used to analyze variations in oral feeding and BMI z-scores over time.

Main Results:

  • Oral intake remained stable over the first year, averaging approximately 47% of the recommended daily allowance.
  • Factors like delivery method (nasogastric vs. gastrostomy), prematurity, underlying conditions, intrauterine growth retardation, and speech therapy did not significantly impact oral intake.
  • The mode of administration (continuous nocturnal vs. daytime bolus) showed a potential influence on oral intake development.

Conclusions:

  • Enteral nutrition supports total energy intake without negatively altering oral feeding in the first year of use.
  • The administration method of enteral nutrition is a key factor that may influence oral intake patterns.
  • Findings suggest that while enteral support is vital, careful consideration of administration techniques is important for optimizing oral feeding in children.