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Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
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  11. Saffron (crocus Sativus L.) Extract Attenuates Chronic Scopolamine-induced Cognitive Impairment, Amyloid Beta, And Neurofibrillary Tangles Accumulation In Rats.
  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Indigenous Studies
  7. Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Culture, Language And History
  9. Conservation Of Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Heritage
  11. Saffron (crocus Sativus L.) Extract Attenuates Chronic Scopolamine-induced Cognitive Impairment, Amyloid Beta, And Neurofibrillary Tangles Accumulation In Rats.

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Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) extract attenuates chronic scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment, amyloid beta, and neurofibrillary tangles accumulation in rats.

Komal S Patel1, Abhay Dharamsi1, Madhu Priya1

  • 1Parul Institute of Pharmacy, Parul University, Vadodara, 391760, Gujarat, India.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology
|February 10, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.
Keywords:
Cognitive impairmentCrocus sativus L.Nutraceutical supplementSaffron

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Saffron extract (CSE) combats scopolamine-induced cognitive decline in rats by reducing amyloid beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. This study highlights saffron

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Ethnomedicine

Background:

  • Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is traditionally used for its diverse medicinal properties, including cognitive enhancement.
  • Ethnopharmacological evidence suggests saffron's potential in managing neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
  • Bioactive constituents of saffron, such as carotenoids and apocarotenoids, are believed to contribute to its neuroprotective effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of standardized saffron extract (CSE) against scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in rats.
  • To investigate CSE's impact on amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque and neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) accumulation in the brain.
  • To explore CSE's mechanism of action, focusing on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition and its effects on scopolamine's mechanism.
Wistar rats

Main Methods:

  • Rats were administered scopolamine to induce cognitive impairment, followed by treatment with varying doses of CSE or rivastigmine tartrate.
  • Behavioral assessments, including the Morris water maze test, evaluated learning, acquisition, and reversal memory.
  • Biochemical analyses measured AChE activity, IL-6 levels, and antioxidant status in brain tissues; histological examination assessed Aβ plaques and NFTs; molecular docking explored AChE inhibition by CSE constituents.

Main Results:

  • CSE supplementation significantly improved behavioral activity, learning, acquisition, and reversal memory in scopolamine-treated rats.
  • CSE demonstrated notable AChE inhibition and enhanced antioxidant activity.
  • Molecular docking revealed strong AChE inhibitory potential of trans-crocetin, a saffron metabolite, consistent with in vivo findings.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized saffron extract (CSE) effectively attenuates scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment, Aβ plaque, and NFT formation in rat hippocampus at 20 mg/kg.
  • CSE exhibits neuroprotective effects by inhibiting AChE and countering scopolamine-induced neuroinflammation.
  • These findings support saffron's traditional use and its potential as a therapeutic agent for cognitive disorders.