How are cell and tissue structure and function influenced by gravity and what are the gravity perception mechanisms?

Area of Science:

• Mechanobiology
• Space Life Sciences
• Cellular Mechanotransduction

Background:

• Mechanical forces regulate biological processes.
• Gravity significantly influences biological systems.
• Space offers unique microgravity research opportunities.

Purpose of the Study:

• Address knowledge gaps in gravity's influence on cells and tissues.
• Elucidate gravity perception mechanisms.
• Inform the European Space Agency's roadmap for space biology.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of current knowledge.
• Community-driven identification of research priorities.
• Formulation of recommendations for future research.

Main Results:

• Identified critical knowledge gaps in mechanotransduction under altered gravity.
• Highlighted the need for further research into microgravity-induced cellular alterations.
• Proposed specific activities to fill these gaps.

Conclusions:

• Understanding gravity's role in biology is crucial for space exploration.
• Further research is required to understand cell and tissue responses to gravity.
• Community recommendations will guide future space biology research.