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Machine learning optimization of bio-sandcrete brick modelling using response surface methodology.

Nakkeeran Ganasen¹, L Krishnaraj², Kennedy C Onyelowe^3,4,5

¹Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India, 603203.

Scientific Reports

|February 10, 2024

Summary

This study explores using raw groundnut shells (RGGNS) in cement bricks, optimizing properties like compressive strength and density. Results show RGGNS can be a viable building material, meeting technical standards.

Keywords:

Cement brick Compressive strength Raw grinded groundnut shell Response surface methodology

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Civil Engineering
Sustainable Construction

Background:

Agricultural waste, such as groundnut shells, presents disposal challenges.
Reusing waste materials in construction can reduce environmental impact and material costs.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the feasibility of using raw groundnut shell (RGGNS) as a fine aggregate in cement bricks.
To optimize the compressive strength, water absorption, and dry density of cement bricks containing RGGNS using Response Surface Methodology (RSM).

Main Methods:

Experimental investigation of cement bricks with varying percentages of RGGNS (40%, 50%, 60%).
Optimization of brick properties using Response Surface Methodology (RSM).
Evaluation of mechanical properties against IS code standards.

Main Results:

The maximum 28-day compressive strength achieved was 6.1 N/mm², meeting technical standards.
Bricks with 40%, 50%, and 60% RGGNS content exhibited densities of 1.7, 2.2, and 1.9 kg/cm³, respectively.
RSM provided a significant model for predicting brick properties, with high R-square and Adeq precision values.

Conclusions:

Raw groundnut shells can be effectively incorporated into cement bricks as a sustainable building material.
The optimized model using RSM accurately predicts the performance of RGGNS-containing bricks.
The mechanical properties of the developed bricks meet the minimum requirements of IS code standards.