The Pattern of Granuloma Formation in the Liver of Rats as a Reflection of the Mechanism of Internalization of Submicron Silicon Particles

A morphological analysis of the liver of Wistar rats was performed 2 months after a single intravenous injection of porous silicon particles of different sizes (60-80, 250-300, and 500-600 nm; 2 mg/ml, 1 ml). Histological, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic methods showed the development of CD68⁺ granulomas in all experimental groups. Injection of 60-80-nm porous silicon particles led to the formation of single large granulomas (>2000 μm²), while 500-600-nm nanoparticles caused the formation of numerous smaller granulomas. The mechanism of involution of granulomas by apoptosis of Kupffer cells and the absence of subsequent connective tissue remodeling of the organ tissue is shown.