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Acyclovir-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Adults with Viral Encephalitis
Rida Batool1, Syeda Nosheen Zehra
1Department of General Medicine, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|February 11, 2024
Summary
Parenteral Acyclovir frequently causes Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in viral encephalitis patients. Monitoring renal function is crucial for early detection and management of this adverse effect.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Parenteral Acyclovir is a primary treatment for viral encephalitis.
- Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a potential complication of Acyclovir therapy.
- Understanding the incidence and severity of Acyclovir-induced AKI is critical for patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency of parenteral Acyclovir-induced Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in patients diagnosed with viral encephalitis.
- To analyze the stages and severity of AKI based on KDIGO guidelines.
Main Methods:
- A descriptive study was conducted on 89 patients with viral encephalitis receiving IV Acyclovir.
- AKI was defined by serum creatinine changes and staged using KDIGO guidelines.
- Patient data, including demographics and comorbidities, were collected and analyzed.
Main Results:
- 38.2% of patients developed AKI, with a mean age of 48 years.
- Stage 2 (44%) and Stage 3 (32%) AKI were most common, indicating significant kidney injury.
- 5.6% of Stage 3 AKI patients required dialysis.
Conclusions:
- Parenteral Acyclovir is associated with a significant risk of AKI in viral encephalitis patients.
- Early identification and prompt management of Acyclovir-induced AKI are essential.
- Regular renal function monitoring is recommended for patients undergoing Acyclovir treatment.
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