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Comparison of Early Warning Scores in Determining the Prognosis of COVID-19 Patients

Mustafa Akarca1,2, Tuba Cimilli Ozturk, Tevfik Patan

  • 1Emergency Medicine Department, Erbaa State Hospital, Tokat, Turkiye.

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|February 11, 2024
PubMed

Insights

The Risk Stratification in the Emergency Department in Acutely Ill Older Patients (REMS) score best predicted poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients. This early warning score identified patients at risk for intensive care admission or mortality.

Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Early warning score systems are crucial for predicting patient outcomes.
  • Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) presents significant challenges in emergency departments.
  • Effective risk stratification is vital for managing COVID-19 patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the predictive accuracy of various early warning scores for 30-day adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
  • To identify the most effective early warning score for identifying high-risk COVID-19 patients in the emergency department.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive study analyzed 1,826 COVID-19 patients admitted to the emergency department.
  • Calculated and compared the performance of Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (REMS), 4C Mortality Score, and Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS).
  • Adverse outcomes were defined as intensive care unit admission and/or mortality.

Main Results:

  • 159 (8.7%) of the 1,826 COVID-19 patients experienced poor outcomes.
  • The Risk Stratification in the Emergency Department in Acutely Ill Older Patients (REMS) score demonstrated the highest accuracy in predicting adverse outcomes.
  • REMS proved more effective than other evaluated scores in identifying COVID-19 patients with a poor prognosis.

Conclusions:

  • The REMS score is a highly effective tool for early identification of COVID-19 patients at risk of poor prognosis.
  • Emergency departments can utilize REMS to improve patient triage and resource allocation for COVID-19 cases.
  • Further validation of REMS in diverse emergency settings is warranted.
Abstract

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