Surgical Training Using Augmented Reality-Based Optical Head-Mounted Displays: A Pilot Study

Area of Science:

• Medical Education Technology
• Surgical Training Innovations
• Otolaryngology Procedures

Background:

• The educational potential of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) in medicine is recognized, but empirical data on surgeon experiences are limited.
• Tonsillectomy is a common surgical procedure where advanced training methods can enhance skill acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of holographic augmented reality (AR)-based surgical training for tonsillectomy.
• To assess the practical advantages and limitations of using AR for remote surgical guidance.

Main Methods:

• Two otolaryngologists (one trainee, one instructor) conducted five tonsillectomies utilizing an AR headset (HoloLens 2).
• The trainee wore the AR headset, sharing the surgical view via its front camera.
• The instructor provided real-time guidance remotely through Microsoft Teams, accessing the trainee's AR device.

Main Results:

• AR-based training facilitated direct, real-time guidance to the trainee without disrupting the surgical workflow.
• Advantages included clear instructions and remote supervision capabilities.
• Drawbacks noted were occasional mismatches between the AR camera view and the trainee's perspective and focusing difficulties within the oral cavity.

Conclusions:

• Holographic AR devices offer a feasible and alternative method for surgical training.
• This technology has the potential to significantly advance surgical education by enabling effective remote guidance.
• Further development may overcome current limitations, revolutionizing future surgical training.