Surgical Training Using Augmented Reality-Based Optical Head-Mounted Displays: A Pilot Study

While the educational benefits of the modern techniques such as virtual reality (VR) or augmented reality (AR) have been suggested, there is still a lack of reports on actual surgeons' experiences. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a holographic AR-based surgical training in tonsillectomy. Two otolaryngologists, 1 trainee and 1 instructor, performed 5 tonsillectomies using an AR headset (HoloLens 2, Microsoft, USA). The trainee wore the AR headset to share the surgical view through front camera while the instructor remotely accessed the device using the Microsoft Teams program and provided real-time guidance. The AR-based surgical training offered several advantages, including direct real-time guidance for the trainee and clear instructions without disturbing the surgical process. However, there were also drawbacks, such as the front camera not always matching the trainee's view and some difficulty with focusing, depending on the depth of the oral cavity. Our study suggests that AR devices are a feasible and alternative method for surgical training. With the ability to provide clear guidance, even from a distance, this technology has the potential to revolutionize surgical training in the future.