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Is subjective age a multidimensional construct in a Japanese sample aged 20-89?
Hikari Kinjo1, Ikko Kawahashi1, Megumi Shibuya1
1Faculty of Psychology, Meiji Gakuin University, Tokyo, Japan.
Geriatrics & Gerontology International
|February 12, 2024
Summary
Subjective age, a measure of how old one feels, appears unidimensional but may be multidimensional. Perceived physical age best predicts life satisfaction and cognitive function, influencing how young individuals feel.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Psychology of Aging
- Quality of Life Research
Background:
- Subjective age is linked to quality of life but its construct nature remains unclear.
- Understanding subjective age is crucial for aging research and well-being prediction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if subjective age is unidimensional or multidimensional.
- To investigate the relationship between subjective age and quality of life using a multi-aspect approach.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed data from 2896 Japanese adults (aged 20-89).
- Utilized five distinct subjective age measures and quality of life indicators.
- Employed factor analysis and four indexes for comprehensive analysis.
Main Results:
- Factor analysis suggested a unidimensional construct for subjective age.
- Multi-aspect analyses revealed unique predictive features for different measures.
- Perceived physical age strongly predicted life satisfaction and cognitive function perception.
- Ideal age predicted life satisfaction in the opposite direction.
Conclusions:
- While appearing unidimensional, subjective age may possess multidimensional characteristics.
- Further research with systematic approaches is needed to explore subjective age's multifaceted nature.
- Developing scales for multiple aspects of subjective age is vital for well-being prediction and cross-cultural comparisons.
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