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Estimation of Maximum Occlusal Bite Force of School-going Children in Different Dentition: A Cross-sectional Study
Niharika H Mutt1, Manoj K Mallela George1, Srinivas Nallanchakrava1
1Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences & Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Background:
Bite force is an important indicator of the clinical state of mastication and its efficiency. Bite force measurement using a gnathodynamometer is a reliable method to assess the biomechanical properties of the masticatory system. It varies with different geographic populations and physiological and environmental factors.
Aim:
To estimate the maximum occlusal bite force (MOBF) in school-going children of Hyderabad city at different dentition periods and to correlate with different variables.
Materials And Methods:
A total of 392 school-going children in the age range of 3-13 years were selected following selection criteria (214 males and 178 females). They were divided on the basis of the dentition period. Demographic details along with general physical parameters such as height, weight, and maximum mouth opening (MMO) were recorded in a predesigned proforma. Maximum bite force was measured using a digital bite force instrument.
Results:
Maximum occlusal bite force (MOBF) was 18.04 N in primary dentition of age 3-5 years, 47.64 N in mixed dentition of age 6-11, and 108.39 N in permanent dentition of age 12-13 years. The magnitude of bite force was observed to be directly proportional to age, height, weight, and dentition period. Males had greater bite force than females in all three dentitions. However, the difference was significant only in mixed dentition (p < 0.05). Of all the dentition bite force was significantly higher in permanent dentition.Bite force showed an inverse relation with body mass index (BMI) in primary and mixed dentition but a positive correlation was seen with permanent dentition. The mean MMO in males was slightly higher when compared to females. It increased with an increase in the dentition stage.
Conclusion:
Bite force is multifactorial. It has a significant correlation with physiologic and morphologic factors that influence the values of bite force.
How To Cite This Article:
Mutt NH, Mallela George MK, Nallanchakrava S, et al. Estimation of Maximum Occlusal Bite Force of School-going Children in Different Dentition: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(6):804-809.
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