Rare scrotal chylous effusion: A case report

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is a rare congenital malformation predominantly affecting lower limb. In most cases, it is characterized by a classic triad of cutaneous capillary malformation (port-wine stain), lymphatic and venous abnormalities, in association with variable soft tissue and bone overgrowths. We describe a 48-year-old male presenting on the genitalia several whitish vesicles discharging a milky fluid compatible with chyle. Extensive radiology workup revealed pelvic megalymphatic malformations. Pelvic lymphatic ligations and bleomycin sclerotherapy only allowed a partial improvement. Given the high potential of recurrence, the patient will soon undergo a genetic evaluation for PIK3CA gene mutation and may need further systemic treatment with Sirolimus. As this scrotal chylous effusion in the setting of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is rare and highly affects the quality of life, we wanted to raise awareness of this entity and its management.