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Published on: July 15, 2019
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Salivary Glands and Viral Pathogenesis.
N Atyeo1, J O Maldonado1,2,3, B M Warner1
1National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Journal of Dental Research
|February 12, 2024
Summary
Viruses infecting salivary glands (SGs) can cause inflammation and dysfunction, mimicking Sjögren
Area of Science:
- Virology and Immunology
- Salivary Gland Biology
- Oral Medicine
Background:
- Saliva is a key route for viral transmission, with increasing detection of viruses.
- The salivary glands (SGs) are potential reservoirs for viruses, but their role is under-investigated.
- Viral SG infections can cause pathology and dysfunction, resembling Sjögren's disease (SjD).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review viruses known to infect salivary glands.
- To explore the impact of viral infections on SG inflammation and function.
- To examine the association between viral SG infections and Sjögren's disease.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of viral infections affecting salivary glands.
- Focus on viruses including Hepatitis C, Hepatitis D, SARS-CoV-2, enteric viruses, HTLV-I, HIV, HCMV, and BK polyomavirus.
- Analysis of host responses and disease pathogenesis.
Main Results:
- Certain viruses exhibit tropism for SGs, acting as reservoirs.
- Viral infections are linked to SG inflammation, pathology, and dysfunction.
- Phenotypes of viral SG disease can mimic Sjögren's disease.
Conclusions:
- Understanding viral tropism and host responses in SGs is crucial for disease pathogenesis.
- Further research is needed on viral entry, replication, and reservoir potential in SGs.
- Viral infections of SGs represent an important area for research, particularly concerning SjD.
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