Comparison of serum uric acid levels between localised prostate cancer patients and a control group

The aim of this study is to find out whether serum uric acid levels in patients with localised prostate cancer differ from patients with lower urinary tract symptoms without carcinoma prostate.

We performed a prospective observational study of 60 patients having age ⩾ 50 years with c/o lower urinary tract symptoms( LUTS) evaluated by digital rectal examination (DRE), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level and ultrasonography kidney, ureter, bladder (USG KUB) prostate and patients who were suspicious for carcinoma prostate underwent trans rectal ultrasonography (TRUS) biopsy of prostate. Patients with biopsy s/o prostate cancer were evaluated for metastasis and localised cancer patients were considered as CASE group. Patients with negative biopsy and other patients having LUTS were considered as CONTROL group. The age, serum uric acid level, PSA value, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and white blood cell (WBC) count were measured. Serum uric acid level was compared in both the groups.

The mean serum uric acid level was lower in prostate cancer group (4.77 mg/dl) than control group (6.22 mg/dl) that was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The mean PSA value was 7.43 ng/dl in cancer group and 2.72 ng/dl in control group. (p < 0.001). The mean C-reactive protein (CRP) values were 1.32 and 0.45 respectively (p < 0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were found 21 and 10.5 respectively (p < 0.001)and total leucocyte counts (TLC) were found 6.450 and 5.120 respectively (p < 0.001). All were statistically significant (p < 0.05).

The serum uric acid levels measured in localised prostate cancer patients were found to be reduced compared to the control group and inflammatory markers were found to be increased. Decreased levels of serum uric acid and increased levels of inflammatory markers were determined as risk factors for prostate cancer.