Elevated ALOX12 in renal tissue predicts progression in diabetic kidney disease

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the major causes of end-stage renal disease and one of the significant complications of diabetes. This study aims to identify the main differentially expressed genes in DKD from transcriptome sequencing results and analyze their diagnostic value. The present study sequenced db/m mouse and db/db mouse to determine the ALOX12 genetic changes related to DKD. After preliminary validation, ALOX12 levels were significantly elevated in the blood of DKD patients, but not during disease progression. Moreover, urine ALOX12 was increased only in macroalbuminuria patients. Therefore, to visualize the diagnostic efficacy of ALOX12 on the onset and progression of renal injury in DKD, we collected kidney tissue from patients for immunohistochemical staining. ALOX12 was increased in the kidneys of patients with DKD and was more elevated in macroalbuminuria patients. Clinical chemical and pathological data analysis indicated a correlation between ALOX12 protein expression and renal tubule injury. Further immunofluorescence double staining showed that ALOX12 was expressed in both proximal tubules and distal tubules. Finally, the diagnostic value of the identified gene in the progression of DKD was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) value for ALOX12 in the diagnosis of DKD entering the macroalbuminuria stage was 0.736, suggesting that ALOX12 has good diagnostic efficacy. During the development of DKD, the expression levels of ALOX12 in renal tubules were significantly increased and can be used as one of the predictors of the progression to macroalbuminuria in patients with DKD.