Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

629
Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
629
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

432
Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
432
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

416
Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
416
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses01:31

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses

486
Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx...
486
Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Pharmacological Actions01:27

Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Pharmacological Actions

421
Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers prevent the membrane depolarization of muscle cells and inhibit muscle contraction. These are usually administered with anesthetics to achieve complete muscle relaxation. Upon administration, these drugs first block the small, rapidly contracting muscles of the face and hands, followed by the larger muscles of the trunk and the intercostal muscles. The diaphragm is the last muscle to be affected.
Although all competitive neuromuscular blockers are designed...
421
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

1.1K
Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Efficacy and Safety of Epidural Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Abdominal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

A&A practice·2026
Same author

European Interdisciplinary Guidelines on Pain Management in Acute Pancreatitis: UEG, EPC, EDS, ESDO, EAGEN, ESPGHAN, ESGAR, and ESPCG Evidence-Based Recommendations.

United European gastroenterology journal·2026
Same author

[Postoperative pain and sex/gender-current findings of the past decade].

Schmerz (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same author

[Pain medicine aspects of the updated S2k guideline "Diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis"].

Schmerz (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same author

Why pain biomarkers cannot replace the patient experience.

Nature neuroscience·2026
Same author

Transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative pain management and opioid sparing: the devil is in the details. Comment on Br J Anaesth 2026; 136: 266-82.

British journal of anaesthesia·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2025

Full-Endoscopic Isolation Zone Technique for the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation
05:42

Full-Endoscopic Isolation Zone Technique for the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation

Published on: April 7, 2023

731

Erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain.

Lisa Oostvogels1, Stephanie Weibel2, Michael Meißner1

  • 1Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|February 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary

The erector spinae plane block (ESPB) likely offers minimal improvement in postoperative pain compared to no block. This regional anesthesia technique shows a low incidence of block-related adverse events, but further research is needed to confirm its efficacy and duration.

More Related Videos

A Novel Vertebral Stabilization Method for Producing Contusive Spinal Cord Injury
09:24

A Novel Vertebral Stabilization Method for Producing Contusive Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: January 5, 2015

17.7K
Author Spotlight: Enhancing Success of Ultrasound-Guided Neuraxial Anesthesia in Cases with Difficult Anatomy
03:14

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Success of Ultrasound-Guided Neuraxial Anesthesia in Cases with Difficult Anatomy

Published on: January 31, 2025

358

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2025

Full-Endoscopic Isolation Zone Technique for the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation
05:42

Full-Endoscopic Isolation Zone Technique for the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation

Published on: April 7, 2023

731
A Novel Vertebral Stabilization Method for Producing Contusive Spinal Cord Injury
09:24

A Novel Vertebral Stabilization Method for Producing Contusive Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: January 5, 2015

17.7K
Author Spotlight: Enhancing Success of Ultrasound-Guided Neuraxial Anesthesia in Cases with Difficult Anatomy
03:14

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Success of Ultrasound-Guided Neuraxial Anesthesia in Cases with Difficult Anatomy

Published on: January 31, 2025

358

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Regional Anesthesia
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Postoperative pain management remains a significant clinical challenge, often requiring multimodal approaches including opioids and regional anesthesia.
  • The erector spinae plane block (ESPB) has emerged as a novel regional anesthesia technique with potential to reduce opioid consumption and associated side effects.

Approach:

  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to evaluate the analgesic efficacy and safety of ESPB.
  • Searches were performed across major databases (CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science) updated to January 2022.
  • Data from 64 RCTs involving 3973 participants were included in the meta-analysis, assessing pain intensity and block-related adverse events.

Key Points:

  • ESPB likely provides a slight, non-clinically relevant reduction in postoperative pain at 24 hours compared to no block (moderate-certainty evidence).
  • Compared to placebo, ESPB showed no significant effect on pain intensity at 24 hours (moderate-certainty evidence).
  • ESPB demonstrated comparable analgesic effects and similar rates of block-related adverse events to other regional techniques like paravertebral block and transversus abdominis plane block (low to moderate-certainty evidence).

Conclusions:

  • ESPB, when added to standard care, probably does not significantly improve postoperative pain intensity at 24 hours compared to no block.
  • The incidence of block-related adverse events associated with ESPB is low.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the potential for extended analgesia duration and to update evidence based on ongoing studies.