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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Magnetic Moment00:59

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Magnetic Moment

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All atomic nuclei are positively charged. When they have a nonzero spin, they behave like rotating charges. As a consequence of their charge and spin, these nuclei generate a magnetic field (B). This, in turn, gives rise to a magnetic moment (μ), which is randomly oriented in the absence of an external magnetic field. When an external magnetic field (B0) is applied, the magnetic moment vectors can align with the field or against it in 2 + 1 orientations. A hydrogen nucleus, which is just a...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

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NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

2.4K
Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
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Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

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The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin01:08

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin

1.9K
All atomic particles possess an intrinsic angular momentum, or 'spin'. Electrons, protons, and neutrons each have a spin value of ½, although protons and neutrons in nuclei may have higher half-integer spins owing to energetic factors.
Atomic nuclei have a net nuclear spin, , which can have an integer or half-integer value. In atomic nuclei, the spins of protons are paired against each other but not with neutrons, and vice versa. Consequently, an even number of protons does not...
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Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
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Exploring intermixed magnetic nanoparticles: insights from atomistic spin dynamics simulations.

Junais Habeeb Mokkath1, Remya Nair2, Mufasila Mumthaz Muhammed3

  • 1College of Integrative Studies, Abdullah Al Salem University (AASU), Block 3 Khaldiya, Kuwait. junais.mokkath@aasu.edu.kw.

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|February 12, 2024
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Summary

Mixed nickel-gadolinium (NiGd) nanoparticles show tunable magnetic properties. Ni75Gd25 nanoparticles exhibit enhanced magnetic performance at finite temperatures, offering potential for advanced magnetic applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Binary nanoparticles combining rare-earth elements and transition metals offer unique magnetic properties.
  • Understanding finite-temperature magnetic behavior is crucial for novel magnetic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of size and composition on the magnetic properties of mixed NiGd nanoparticles at finite temperatures.
  • To explore saturation magnetization and spin-reorientation dynamics in NiGd nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

  • Atomistic spin dynamics simulations were employed.
  • Simulations covered nanoparticle sizes from 4 nm to 16 nm.
  • Compositional variations (Ni75Gd25, Ni50Gd50, Ni25Gd75) were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Ni75Gd25 nanoparticles exhibited enhanced saturation magnetization and magnetic ordering temperatures.
  • Increased gadolinium content (50% and 75%) led to reduced saturation magnetization and ordering temperatures.
  • Size and composition significantly impact magnetic behavior at finite temperatures.

Conclusions:

  • Gadolinium content is a critical factor in determining the finite-temperature magnetic properties of NiGd nanoparticles.
  • Ni75Gd25 composition shows promise for high-performance magnetic materials.
  • The study provides theoretical insights into designing advanced magnetic nanomaterials.