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Maxillary Artery Traversing Through the Temporal Muscle.

Cătălin C Dumitru1, Mugurel C Rusu1, Alexandra D Vrapciu1,2

  • 1Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|February 12, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The maxillary artery (MA) may course through the temporalis muscle (TM), a variant found in 6.47% of patients via CT angiography. Preoperative imaging is recommended for surgical planning involving the MA or TM.

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Radiology
  • Surgical Anatomy

Background:

  • The maxillary artery (MA) is a major artery supplying the face and cranial vault.
  • Its anatomical course can exhibit variations, with potential passage through the temporalis muscle (TM) being rarely documented.
  • Previous prevalence data for this variant is limited, stemming from older dissection studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of the maxillary artery's course through the temporalis muscle using computed tomography angiography.
  • To compare current findings with historical dissection data.
  • To assess the clinical implications for surgical procedures involving the temporalis muscle or maxillary artery.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 170 archived computed tomography angiograms (95 male, 75 female).
  • Identification and documentation of the maxillary artery's course relative to the temporalis muscle.
  • Calculation of prevalence rates for the variant, considering unilateral and bilateral occurrences.

Main Results:

  • The maxillary artery coursing through the temporalis muscle was identified in 11 out of 170 cases (6.47%).
  • Considering all analyzed sides, the prevalence was 5.58% (16 out of 340 sides).
  • In 5 of the 11 identified cases, the variant was bilateral.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence of the maxillary artery coursing through the temporalis muscle is higher than previously reported, as shown by computed tomography angiography.
  • This anatomical variation is significant for surgical planning.
  • Preoperative computed tomography angiography is valuable for identifying this variant before surgeries involving the temporalis muscle or maxillary artery.