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Association between macro- and microvascular damage and sarcopenia index in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Hui Xu1,2, Qun-Yan Xiang2,3, Jun-Kun Zhan2,3

  • 1Department of Geriatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.

Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism = Physiologie Appliquee, Nutrition Et Metabolisme
|February 12, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Lower sarcopenia index (SI) is linked to increased macro- and microvascular disease risk in type 2 diabetes patients. This study highlights SI as a potential marker for these complications.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Nephrology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Sarcopenia is increasingly recognized for its association with macro- and microvascular disease.
  • The sarcopenia index (SI) serves as a surrogate marker for sarcopenia.
  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients are at high risk for vascular complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the sarcopenia index (SI) and macro- and microvascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 783 T2DM patients.
  • Sarcopenia index (SI) calculated using serum creatinine and cystatin C.
  • Patients categorized into three groups based on SI tertiles.
  • Evaluation of macrovascular complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, lower extremity peripheral artery disease) and microvascular complications (diabetic retinopathy, micro- and macroalbuminuria).

Main Results:

  • Lower SI tertiles were significantly associated with an increased prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, micro-/macroalbuminuria, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and lower extremity peripheral artery disease.
  • Multivariate logistic regression showed increased odds ratios for these complications in lower SI groups compared to the highest SI tertile.
  • Specifically, the lowest SI tertile (T1) demonstrated the highest odds ratios for all evaluated vascular complications.

Conclusions:

  • Lower sarcopenia index is associated with a higher risk of macro- and microvascular damage in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • SI may serve as a valuable indicator for identifying T2DM patients at elevated risk for vascular complications.
  • Further research could explore the direct causal link and therapeutic implications of sarcopenia in T2DM vascular disease.
Keywords:
albuminuriadiabetic peripheral neuropathydiabetic retinopathylower extremity peripheral artery diseasesarcopenia indextype 2 diabetes mellitus

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