Moxalactam kinetics during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis after intraperitoneal administration

Area of Science:

• Pharmacokinetics
• Nephrology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) requires careful antibiotic dosing due to altered drug clearance.
• Moxalactam is a potential antibiotic for treating peritonitis in CAPD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the pharmacokinetic profile of moxalactam in CAPD patients.
• To establish an appropriate intraperitoneal dosing regimen for moxalactam in CAPD.

Main Methods:

• Eight CAPD patients received a single 1g intraperitoneal dose of moxalactam.
• Plasma and dialysate concentrations were monitored over time.
• Pharmacokinetic parameters including half-life, volume of distribution, and clearance were calculated.

Main Results:

• Approximately 60% of the moxalactam dose was absorbed within 4 hours.
• The mean elimination half-life was 13.2 hours.
• Moxalactam concentrations in peritoneal dialysis fluid remained therapeutic for multiple exchanges.

Conclusions:

• A modified intraperitoneal moxalactam dosing regimen is proposed for CAPD patients.
• Moxalactam can be considered for initial peritonitis treatment in CAPD when preferred antibiotics are unavailable.