Gender differences in retinal diseases: A review

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Gender Medicine
• Medical Research

Background:

• Medical research historically prioritized male subjects, overlooking gender-specific health differences.
• Gender medicine examines biological, psychological, and social factors influencing health and disease across genders.
• Epidemiological gender differences in ophthalmological diseases are recognized, yet gender-based treatment strategies are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review gender differences in retinal diseases.
• To increase awareness among ophthalmologists, particularly retinologists, about gender medicine.
• To promote personalized and gender-responsive eye care through enhanced understanding.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on gender differences in retinal diseases.
• Analysis of existing research on epidemiological and clinical variations between genders.
• Synthesis of information to highlight fundamental gender distinctions relevant to ophthalmology.

Main Results:

• Significant gender disparities exist in the prevalence and progression of various retinal diseases.
• Current ophthalmic treatment protocols often do not account for these gender-specific variations.
• A need for gender-tailored approaches in the diagnosis and management of retinal conditions is evident.

Conclusions:

• Integrating gender medicine principles into ophthalmology is crucial for equitable and effective patient care.
• Developing gender-specific treatment strategies for retinal diseases will improve health outcomes.
• Further research is needed to fully elucidate and address gender differences in eye health.