A case of aural gnathostomiasis

Area of Science:

• Parasitology
• Infectious Diseases
• Otolaryngology

Background:

• Gnathostomiasis is a foodborne parasitic infection caused by nematode worms of the genus Gnathostoma.
• It commonly presents with migratory subcutaneous swellings and eosinophilia.
• Aural involvement is rare, and primary cases without neurological complications are exceptionally uncommon.

Observation:

• A young Thai woman presented with intermittent otalgia (ear pain) as the sole symptom.
• She had a history of consuming raw fish, followed by migratory swellings.
• No hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, or otorrhea were reported.

Findings:

• Diagnosis was confirmed by identifying the parasitic worms and observing eosinophilia.
• A positive skin test further supported the diagnosis.
• This case represents primary aural gnathostomiasis, distinct from previously reported instances due to the absence of neurological sequelae.

Implications:

• Highlights the diverse clinical presentations of gnathostomiasis.
• Emphasizes the importance of considering parasitic infections in cases of unexplained otalgia.
• Contributes to understanding the spectrum of human gnathostomiasis, particularly its otological manifestations.