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Effects of School-Based High-Intensity Interval Training on Hemodynamic Parameters and Heart Rate Variability: A

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School-based high-intensity interval training (HIIT) improved cardiovascular health in children. This 12-week program integrated into physical education classes enhanced hemodynamic parameters and heart rate variability.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Exercise Science
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Childhood obesity and sedentary lifestyles necessitate effective physical activity interventions.
  • Physical education programs offer a platform for implementing structured exercise training in schools.
  • High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time-efficient method for improving cardiovascular fitness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of a child-specific, school-based HIIT program on hemodynamic parameters and heart rate variability (HRV) in students.
  • To determine if integrating HIIT into physical education (PE) classes can yield significant physiological benefits.
  • To assess changes in blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, and HRV indices following a 12-week intervention.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 46 students (age 11 ± 1 year) allocated to an intervention (HIIT in PE) or control group.
  • The intervention group participated in 20 minutes of HIIT twice weekly for 12 weeks during regular PE classes.
  • Measurements included systolic/diastolic blood pressure, aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV), and various HRV metrics (SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50, LF, HF, LF/HF ratio).

Main Results:

  • Significant time × group interactions were observed for aPWV, RMSSD, low-frequency power, high-frequency power, and the LF/HF ratio.
  • The intervention group demonstrated significant improvements in these cardiovascular and HRV parameters compared to the control group.
  • The school-based HIIT program was effective in enhancing cardiovascular function and autonomic regulation in young students.

Conclusions:

  • School-based HIIT, when integrated into physical education, can effectively improve key cardiovascular parameters in children.
  • This intervention offers a time-efficient strategy to enhance cardiovascular health and potentially mitigate risks associated with sedentary behavior.
  • Embedding HIIT into the school curriculum presents a viable approach for promoting long-term cardiovascular well-being in pediatric populations.