Molecular mechanisms in MASLD/MASH-related HCC
Xiaobo Wang1, Liang Zhang2, Bingning Dong2
1Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)
|February 13, 2024
Summary
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) can lead to MASH-related liver cancer (MASH-HCC). Understanding MASH-HCC molecular mechanisms is key to developing better treatments and improving patient outcomes for this growing global health issue.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Oncology
- Metabolic Diseases
Background:
- Liver cancer is a major global health concern, ranking sixth in prevalence and third in cancer deaths.
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (NAFLD) and its severe form, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), affect 20-25% of the population.
- MASH prevalence is rising alongside obesity and metabolic diseases like type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and fatty liver.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of current research on MASH-related hepatocellular carcinoma (MASH-HCC).
- To consolidate existing findings and present the latest insights into MASH-HCC molecular processes.
- To explore avenues for improved therapeutic strategies and patient outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of MASH-HCC.
- Analysis of molecular mechanisms, genetic variations, and somatic mutations.
- Examination of disease progression models, multiomics data, and immunological factors.
Main Results:
- MASH-HCC has distinct molecular and immune characteristics compared to other HCC types.
- Annual progression to MASH-HCC occurs in approximately 2% of MASH cases.
- Current management involves surgery, locoregional therapies, and systemic treatments like anti-angiogenic therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Conclusions:
- Further understanding of MASH-HCC molecular mechanisms is crucial for advancing treatment strategies.
- Identifying biomarkers for treatment response is essential for personalized medicine.
- Enhanced comprehension aims to catalyze the development of more potent therapies for improved patient outcomes.
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