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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine01:29

Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine

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The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
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Surface Membrane Barriers01:18

Surface Membrane Barriers

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The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
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Defense Mechanism Against Infection01:26

Defense Mechanism Against Infection

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Natural flora, body system defenses, and inflammation are natural barriers of the body against infectious agents regardless of previous exposure. Normal floras of the human body refer to the microbial population that colonizes the skin and mucous membranes.
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Anatomy of the Intestines01:23

Anatomy of the Intestines

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Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
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What is Monogastric Digestion?01:50

What is Monogastric Digestion?

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The human body contains a monogastric digestive system. In a monogastric digestive system, the stomach only contains one chamber in which it digests food. Several other animal species also have monogastric digestive systems, including pigs, horses, dogs, and birds. This chapter, however, focuses on the human digestive system.
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Updated: Jul 3, 2025

Assessing the Viability of a Synthetic Bacterial Consortium on the In Vitro Gut Host-microbe Interface
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Bifidobacterium adolescentis - a beneficial microbe.

T Leser1, A Baker1

  • 1Human Health, Scientific Affairs, Future Lab., Chr. Hansen A/S, 10-12 Boege Alle, 2970 Hoersholm, Denmark.

Beneficial Microbes
|February 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Bifidobacterium adolescentis, a key gut bacterium, thrives on plant glycans and prebiotics. Its reduced presence is linked to various diseases, suggesting a health-promoting role.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Human Gut Microbiome Research
  • Bacterial Metabolism

Background:

  • Bifidobacterium adolescentis is a dominant species in the adult human gut, with high cell densities in feces.
  • This bacterium is evolutionarily adapted to ferment plant-derived glycans, possessing a broad range of sugar utilization capabilities.
  • Its abundance is typically lower in children and the elderly compared to adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the metabolic capabilities and health associations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis.
  • To understand the role of B. adolescentis in carbohydrate metabolism and its potential impact on gut health.
  • To explore the link between B. adolescentis abundance and various human diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of B. adolescentis's genetic repertoire for sugar transporters and enzymes.

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  • Assessment of its ability to metabolize diverse carbohydrate molecules, including prebiotics and resistant starch.
  • Review of human observational studies correlating B. adolescentis abundance with health and disease states.

    • Main Results:

    • B. adolescentis efficiently metabolizes various carbohydrates, including resistant starch, producing acetate and lactate.
    • It plays a role in cross-feeding, supporting the growth of other beneficial bacteria.
    • In vitro and rodent studies show strains possess beneficial properties like enhancing intestinal barrier function and immune regulation.

    Conclusions:

    • B. adolescentis is a significant degrader of resistant starch and utilizes a wide array of prebiotics.
    • It produces beneficial metabolites like acetate, lactate, neurotransmitters (GABA), and vitamins.
    • Reduced abundance of B. adolescentis is associated with numerous diseases, supporting its role as a health-associated species.