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Micronutrient status in children aged 6-59 months with severe wasting and/or nutritional edema: implications for

Laura Vresk1, Mary Flanagan1, Allison I Daniel1,2

  • 1Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Nutrition Reviews
|February 13, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Severe malnutrition in children under 5 remains a critical issue. This review examines micronutrient deficiencies in severe wasting and nutritional edema, highlighting research gaps for better recovery outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Nutritional Science
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Undernutrition causes nearly 45% of deaths in children under 5 years globally.
  • Severe wasting and nutritional edema (severe acute malnutrition) have high mortality rates despite treatment advances.
  • The multifactorial etiology of severe malnutrition may involve critical micronutrient deficiencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current knowledge on micronutrient deficiencies in children aged 6-59 months with severe wasting and/or nutritional edema.
  • To identify areas requiring further research to improve treatment and recovery outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a narrative review of existing literature.
  • The review focuses on children aged 6-59 months diagnosed with severe wasting and/or nutritional edema.

Main Results:

  • Current therapeutic foods provide micronutrients based on expert opinion, lacking robust supporting evidence.
  • There is a significant knowledge gap regarding optimal micronutrient levels for children with severe acute malnutrition.

Conclusions:

  • Micronutrient deficiencies are a likely contributor to the high mortality in severe acute malnutrition.
  • Further high-quality research is urgently needed to establish evidence-based micronutrient recommendations for improved child survival and recovery.

Keywords:
Severe malnutritionbiotincalciumcopperfolic acidiodineironkwashiorkormagnesiummarasmusmicronutrient deficiencymicronutrient statusmicronutrient toxicityniacinnutritional edemapantothenic acidpediatricphosphoruspotassiumriboflavinseleniumsevere acute malnutritionsevere wastingsodiumtherapeutic feedsthiaminevitamin B12vitamin B6zinc

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