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Dialysis

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Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...

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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Published on: July 28, 2013

Longitudinal changes in diffusion tensor imaging in hemodialysis patients.

Wesley T Richerson¹, Brian D Schmit¹, Dawn F Wolfgram^2,3

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.

Hemodialysis International. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis

|February 13, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Longitudinal MRI scans reveal declining white matter health in hemodialysis patients. Despite these brain changes, researchers found no association with cognitive performance decline over one year.

Keywords:

diffusion tensor imaging hemodialysis kidney disease white matter integrity

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Measurement of Tissue Oxygenation Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chronic Spinal Cord Compression

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chronic Spinal Cord Compression

Published on: May 7, 2019

Area of Science:

Neurology
Radiology
Nephrology

Background:

Hemodialysis patients exhibit increased brain pathology compared to controls.
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has shown cross-sectional differences but not longitudinal decline in hemodialysis patients.
Specialized post-processing is needed to detect subtle longitudinal changes in brain structure.

Purpose of the Study:

To implement advanced DTI post-processing techniques to detect longitudinal changes in brain structure.
To evaluate the association between these structural changes and cognitive performance in hemodialysis patients.

Main Methods:

Collected anatomical and diffusion MRIs and cognitive data from hemodialysis patients at baseline and 1-year follow-up.
Measured gray matter thickness, white matter volume, and DTI parameters (fractional anisotropy) using whole-brain and pothole analyses.
Assessed cognitive function using the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery.

Main Results:

Significant decrease in white matter fractional anisotropy over one year (p < 0.01).
Increased white matter voxels below the pothole threshold, indicating microstructural damage (p = 0.03).
No correlation found between changes in brain structural parameters and cognitive performance.

Conclusions:

Noise-reducing techniques enable detection of longitudinal DTI changes in hemodialysis patients.
Fractional anisotropy decline signifies reduced white matter integrity over time.
Observed white matter changes were not associated with cognitive decline in this cohort.