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Building An Open-source Robotic Stereotaxic Instrument

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Autonomous Robotic Surgery: Has the Future Arrived?

Yeisson Rivero-Moreno¹, Miguel Rodriguez², Paola Losada-Muñoz¹

¹Department of Surgery, Universidad de Oriente, Barcelona, VEN.

|February 14, 2024

Summary

Autonomous robotic surgery integrates artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) for surgical procedures. While many systems are experimental, some autonomous robotic surgeries are now in clinical use.

Keywords:

artificial intelligence autonomous robotic surgery clinical applications degrees of autonomy ethical concerns legal regulations robotic surgery milestones

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Area of Science:

Robotics
Surgical Technology
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

Background:

Autonomous robotic surgery merges robotic systems with AI and ML for surgical tasks.
This field is rapidly evolving, with systems moving from experimental stages to clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive overview of autonomous robotic surgery.
To detail fundamental concepts, historical milestones, and current capabilities.
To discuss benefits, risks, autonomy levels, limitations, regulations, and ethical considerations.

Main Methods:

Review of fundamental concepts in autonomous robotic surgery.
Historical analysis of robotic surgery evolution and AI/ML integration.
Discussion of current clinical applications and future implications.

Main Results:

Several autonomous robotic procedures are clinically validated, including venipuncture, hair implantation, and knee replacement.
The technology demonstrates increasing capabilities and integration into surgical practice.
Key benefits, risks, and varying degrees of autonomy are identified.

Conclusions:

Autonomous robotic surgery is a transformative field with growing clinical relevance.
Further research and ethical considerations are crucial for widespread adoption.
Understanding limitations, regulations, and ethical concerns is vital for responsible development.