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A machine learning and deep learning-based integrated multi-omics technique for leukemia prediction.

Erum Yousef Abbasi1, Zhongliang Deng1, Qasim Ali2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Wireless Network Positioning and Communication Engineering Integration Research, School of Electronics Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China.

Heliyon
|February 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel approach for leukemia diagnosis using machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) on multi-omics data. Deep learning, specifically Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), achieved 98% accuracy, outperforming ML methods for blood cancer prediction.

Keywords:
Deep learningGenomicsLeukemiaMachine learningMulti-omics

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Bioinformatics
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Expanding cancer data offers opportunities for better understanding and personalized treatment.
  • Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL), is crucial for analyzing multi-omics data in predicting blood cancers like leukemia.
  • Novel approaches are needed to effectively process and interpret large volumes of biological data for improved diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate a novel approach for leukemia diagnosis using integrated multi-omics data.
  • To compare the diagnostic accuracy of various ML and DL algorithms for leukemia prediction.
  • To identify the optimal ML or DL technique for accurate and efficient leukemia diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of integrated multi-omics data using various ML algorithms: Random Forest (RF), Naive Bayes (NB), Decision Tree (DT), Logistic Regression (LR), and Gradient Boosting (GB).
  • Comparison of ML techniques with DL methods: Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) and Feedforward Neural Networks (FNN).
  • Validation based on 17 features including patient demographics, mutation types, and chromosomal data.

Main Results:

  • Gradient Boosting (GB) achieved 97% accuracy among the ML techniques evaluated.
  • Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) demonstrated superior performance with 98% accuracy within the DL methods.
  • The proposed approach effectively filters unclassified data, highlighting the efficacy of DL for leukemia prediction.

Conclusions:

  • Deep Learning (DL) methods, particularly RNNs, show significant promise for accurate leukemia prediction using multi-omics data.
  • The study validates the effectiveness of high-throughput technologies and advanced algorithms in improving healthcare diagnostics and patient care.
  • Comparing ML and DL techniques identified DL as the superior approach for optimizing leukemia diagnosis accuracy.