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Cytogenotoxicity effects in addicts with multidrug consumption
Ana Elizabeth González-Santiago1, Alejandro Salvador Gómez-Cabrera1, Raúl Cuauhtémoc Baptista-Rosas2,3
1Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, Jalisco, Mexico.
Multidrug abuse significantly increases the risk of cytogenotoxic damage, indicated by higher frequencies of nuclear abnormalities. This damage correlates with the duration and quantity of alcohol, methamphetamine, and tobacco consumption.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Genetics
- Public Health
Background:
- Drug abuse is a global health issue with increasing multidrug use.
- The buccal micronucleus cytome (BMCyt) assay assesses cytotoxicity, but its application to multidrug users is underexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the cytogenotoxic effects of multidrug abuse.
- To correlate these effects with the amount and duration of drug consumption.
Main Methods:
- The buccal micronucleus cytome (BMCyt) assay was used.
- 166 individuals were analyzed: 83 multidrug abusers and 83 healthy controls.
Main Results:
- Multidrug abusers exhibited higher frequencies of nuclear abnormalities (e.g., binucleated cells, pyknotic nuclei, karyorrhexis) compared to controls.
- Cytogenotoxic damage showed an upward trend in individuals using licit and illicit drugs.
- Positive correlations were found between consumption levels/years and cytotoxicity markers (KL, KX, PNs) for alcohol, methamphetamine, and tobacco.
Conclusions:
- Licit and illicit drug use is associated with significant cytogenotoxic damage.
- The extent of damage is linked to the amount and duration of abuse for specific substances.
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