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ILAE neuroimaging task force highlight: Subcortical laminar heterotopia.

Burkhard S Kasper1, John Archer2, Boris C Bernhardt3

  • 1Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.

Epileptic Disorders : International Epilepsy Journal with Videotape
|February 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Subcortical laminar heterotopia (SBH), or "double cortex," is a rare brain malformation causing difficult-to-treat epilepsy. High-resolution MRI and specialized protocols are crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of SBH patients.

Keywords:
double cortexepilepsyneuroimagingsubcortical band heterotopiasubcortical laminar heterotopia

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Epilepsy
  • Congenital Malformations

Background:

  • Subcortical laminar heterotopia (SBH), also known as "double cortex," is a rare congenital malformation of cortical development.
  • SBH is part of the agyria-pachygyria-band spectrum and is associated with refractory epilepsy and developmental delay.
  • A genetic basis is increasingly identified in SBH cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight basic aspects of neuroimaging in epilepsy through educational case reports.
  • To address the diagnostic and treatment challenges of SBH in epilepsy patients.
  • To emphasize the value of high-resolution imaging and specialized MRI protocols for SBH diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Presentation of an illustrative case of SBH.
  • Discussion of diagnostic challenges, including subtle and non-classic MRI findings.
  • Emphasis on high-resolution imaging and specialized MRI protocols.

Main Results:

  • SBH diagnosis can be challenging due to subtle or atypical MRI presentations.
  • High-resolution imaging and specialized MRI protocols are vital for accurate SBH diagnosis.
  • Effective management of SBH-related epilepsy requires careful diagnostic consideration.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of SBH is critical for appropriate epilepsy management.
  • Advanced neuroimaging techniques are essential for identifying SBH, especially in complex cases.
  • ILAE educational case reports aim to improve understanding and diagnosis of neuroimaging aspects in epilepsy.