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The causal relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and serum lipids levels: A bidirectional two-sample mendelian
Tianxiu Yin1, Xiaoyue Zhu1, Zhiliang He1
1Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Plos One
|February 14, 2024
Summary
This study reveals a two-way causal link between vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC). These findings enhance understanding of lipid metabolism and disease prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Genetics and Molecular Biology
- Metabolic Disorders
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Observational studies suggest a link between serum vitamin D and lipid metabolism, but causal mechanisms remain unclear.
- Conventional observational studies are limited by confounding factors and reverse causality.
- Mendelian randomization (MR) offers a robust method to infer causal associations by controlling for confounders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential causal relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and key blood lipids: HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and total cholesterol.
- To assess the bidirectional causal effects between 25(OH)D and lipid levels using a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach.
- To evaluate the potential causal effect of blood lipids on 25(OH)D levels.
Main Methods:
- A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted using data from European ancestry.
- Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for 25(OH)D and blood lipids were obtained from IEU GWAS and UK Biobank.
- Multivariable MR (MVMR) was employed to assess the causal effect of lipids on 25(OH)D levels.
Main Results:
- Lower 25(OH)D levels showed a significant negative causal association with triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C).
- No significant causal relationship was found between 25(OH)D and HDL cholesterol.
- The study also indicated a bidirectional causal relationship, with TG and TC levels influencing 25(OH)D levels.
Conclusions:
- MR analyses demonstrate a bidirectional causal relationship between genetically determined 25(OH)D levels and serum TG and TC levels.
- These findings provide robust evidence for the causal role of vitamin D in lipid metabolism.
- The results have implications for understanding the etiology of dyslipidemia and developing targeted disease prevention strategies.
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