Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

156
Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
156
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

1.3K
Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
1.3K
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

184
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
184
Narcolepsy01:07

Narcolepsy

102
Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
102
Stages of Sleep01:22

Stages of Sleep

192
Sleep progresses through distinct stages, each characterized by specific brain wave patterns and physiological responses ranging from wakefulness to stages of non-rapid eye movement, known as non-REM, to rapid eye movement, referred to as REM. Understanding these stages helps in recognizing how sleep supports various bodily and cognitive functions.
Before sleep begins, in wakefulness, the brain exhibits primarily beta waves, which are high in frequency and low in amplitude, indicating alertness...
192
Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking01:17

Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking

160
Somnambulism, commonly known as sleepwalking, involves individuals engaging in activities ranging from simple walking to more complex behaviors such as driving. Sleepwalking typically occurs during the slow-wave sleep stages 3 and 4 early in the night when the person is not dreaming, contradicting the myth that sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams.
Factors that increase the likelihood of sleepwalking include sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Contrary to common beliefs, it is safe...
160

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Drivers of farmers' intentions to adopt genome-edited cassava resistant to cassava brown streak disease in Uganda.

GM crops & food·2026
Same author

The Sleep and Breathing Conference: a long-standing and unique ERS/ESRS educational activity.

European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society·2026
Same author

Rethinking smoking cessation guidelines in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: a survey of sleep experts from the ESADA network.

The European respiratory journal·2026
Same author

Frequency of consumption of different fish, crustacean and mollusc species contributing to methylmercury exposure and consumer awareness of national advice on their consumption.

EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority·2026
Same author

Sleep Medicine-What's in a Name?

Journal of sleep research·2025
Same author

European Respiratory Society and European Sleep Research Society statement on the treatment of central sleep apnoea with adaptive servo-ventilation.

The European respiratory journal·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2025

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

19.8K

REM sleep obstructive sleep apnoea.

Maria R Bonsignore1, Emilia Mazzuca2, Pierpaolo Baiamonte2

  • 1PROMISE Department, University of Palermo, Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy mariarosaria.bonsignore@unipa.it.

European Respiratory Review : an Official Journal of the European Respiratory Society
|February 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) can occur during REM sleep, particularly in women, and is linked to hypertension and daytime sleepiness. Effective treatment adherence for REM OSA with CPAP is challenging, necessitating further research into alternative therapies.

More Related Videos

Multi-Modal Home Sleep Monitoring in Older Adults
07:40

Multi-Modal Home Sleep Monitoring in Older Adults

Published on: January 26, 2019

7.7K
Author Spotlight: Traditional Chinese Medicine for Sleep Disorders in Acute COPD — A Safe, Cost-Effective Approach
04:53

Author Spotlight: Traditional Chinese Medicine for Sleep Disorders in Acute COPD — A Safe, Cost-Effective Approach

Published on: October 18, 2024

776

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2025

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

19.8K
Multi-Modal Home Sleep Monitoring in Older Adults
07:40

Multi-Modal Home Sleep Monitoring in Older Adults

Published on: January 26, 2019

7.7K
Author Spotlight: Traditional Chinese Medicine for Sleep Disorders in Acute COPD — A Safe, Cost-Effective Approach
04:53

Author Spotlight: Traditional Chinese Medicine for Sleep Disorders in Acute COPD — A Safe, Cost-Effective Approach

Published on: October 18, 2024

776

Area of Science:

  • Sleep Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) can manifest during Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep, a phase characterized by upper airway collapse due to muscle atonia.
  • REM sleep-related OSA (REM OSA) events are typically more severe and lead to greater oxygen desaturation compared to Non-REM (NREM) sleep.
  • REM OSA is more prevalent in women and often associated with mild to moderate OSA severity based on the apnea-hypopnea index.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes current literature on REM OSA, evaluating existing research on its characteristics, consequences, and management.
  • The study critically examines the strengths and limitations of current data regarding REM OSA.
  • Focus is placed on understanding the unique aspects of REM OSA compared to non-sleep-stage-dependent OSA.

Key Points:

  • REM OSA is frequently associated with systemic hypertension and excessive daytime sleepiness.
  • This condition may elevate cardiometabolic risk.
  • Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) compliance for REM OSA is often poor due to the timing of REM sleep, necessitating longer treatment durations than typically recommended.

Conclusions:

  • Current data on REM OSA highlights significant health risks and challenges in treatment adherence.
  • The review underscores the need for further research into effective management strategies, including alternative non-CPAP treatments for REM OSA.
  • Understanding REM OSA is crucial for comprehensive sleep apnea management and mitigating associated comorbidities.