Disparities in neighbourhood characteristics and 10-year dementia risk by nativity status
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Foreign-born older adults face higher dementia risk, linked to disadvantaged neighborhoods. This increased risk was not moderated by neighborhood factors, suggesting other contributing elements require further study.
Area Of Science
- Gerontology and Public Health
- Neuroscience and Cognitive Aging
- Sociology of Health
Background
- Neighborhood disadvantage is a known risk factor for dementia.
- Evidence on the link between nativity and cognitive impairment remains inconclusive.
- This study is the first to investigate the interplay between nativity and neighborhood characteristics in dementia risk.
Purpose Of The Study
- To examine the independent and interactive effects of nativity and neighborhood characteristics on dementia risk in U.S. older adults.
- To analyze how neighborhood physical disorder and social cohesion influence dementia risk among foreign-born versus native-born individuals.
- To identify potential disparities in dementia risk based on birthplace and lingkungan quality.
Main Methods
- Utilized a 10-year prospective cohort dataset (2011-2020) from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS).
- Included 5,362 U.S. older adults aged 65+, with weighted analysis representing 26.9 million individuals.
- Employed Cox regression to assess dementia diagnosis time, considering nativity status and composite neighborhood scores for physical disorder and social cohesion, with adjustments for covariates.
Main Results
- Foreign-born older adults (9.5%) experienced significantly higher neighborhood physical disorder and lower social cohesion compared to native-born counterparts.
- Foreign-born older adults demonstrated a 51% significantly higher risk of dementia (aHR=1.51, 95% CI=1.19-1.90).
- No significant interaction was found between nativity and neighborhood physical disorder or social cohesion in relation to dementia risk.
Conclusions
- Foreign-born older adults exhibit distinct neighborhood profiles (higher disorder, lower cohesion) and elevated dementia risk.
- The heightened dementia risk in foreign-born individuals was not explained by neighborhood characteristics, indicating other underlying factors.
- Further research is crucial to elucidate the specific determinants contributing to the increased dementia risk observed in foreign-born older populations.
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