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Association of high pre-pregnancy body mass index with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes

Qudsia Qazi1, Nazia Liaqat2, Fauzia Afridi3

  • 1Dr. Qudsia Qazi, FCPS. Associate Professor, Department of Gynae, Medical Teaching Institute, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan.

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences
|February 15, 2024
PubMed

Insights

High pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) is linked to increased risks for mothers and newborns, including postpartum hemorrhage and macrosomia. Maintaining a healthy BMI before conception is crucial for better pregnancy outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Public Health & Epidemiology

Background:

  • Obesity is a global epidemic impacting maternal and fetal health.
  • Elevated pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.
  • Limited regional data exists on the impact of high pre-pregnancy BMI in this specific area.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between high pre-pregnancy BMI and adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.
  • To identify specific risks linked to elevated BMI before conception.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study involving 390 pregnant patients was conducted.
  • Participants were categorized into two groups based on pre-pregnancy BMI (<25 and ≥25).
  • Data was collected from the third trimester through delivery and discharge.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant association was found between raised pre-pregnancy BMI and increased maternal risks, including postpartum hemorrhage and genital tract trauma.
  • Neonatal risks significantly linked to high pre-pregnancy BMI included macrosomia and low one-minute APGAR scores.
  • No significant difference in delivery modes (vaginal vs. cesarean) was observed between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal pre-conception Body Mass Index (BMI) of 25 or higher is associated with poorer maternal and perinatal outcomes.
  • Managing pre-pregnancy BMI is essential for mitigating risks during pregnancy and childbirth.
Abstract

Keywords:
Fetal macrosomiaPostpartum hemorrhagePre pregnancy BMI

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