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INSULIN RESISTANCE AND PATHOGENESIS OF POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.

D I I Greere1,2, F Grigorescu3, D Manda4

  • 1"C.I. Parhon" National Institute of Endocrinology - Clinical Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania.

Acta Endocrinologica (Bucharest, Romania : 2005)
|February 15, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is linked to insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). This review explores the complex relationship between bone health, glucose metabolism, and obesity, highlighting IR

Keywords:
HOMA indexinsulin resistancemetabolic syndromeosteoporosis

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Syndrome Research
  • Bone Biology

Background:

  • Osteoporosis (OP) in postmenopausal women is frequently associated with insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS).
  • Previous research on the co-occurrence of MetS in postmenopausal OP yielded conflicting findings.
  • Bone functions as an endocrine organ, influencing systemic metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the pathogenesis of IR by examining cellular and molecular mechanisms.
  • To systematically review studies assessing IR using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index.
  • To clarify the complex relationship between bone metabolism, IR, and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women.

Main Methods:

  • Review of cellular and molecular aspects of IR in bone metabolism.
  • Systematic review of studies utilizing the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index.
  • Analysis of correlations between HOMA index, bone mineral density (BMD), osteocalcin, and obesity-related factors.

Main Results:

  • Insulin and IGF-1 receptors are present on osteoblasts and osteoclasts, influencing skeletal development and maintenance.
  • Defects in the bone-endocrine system can lead to systemic IR and bone-specific IR, affecting glucose homeostasis via osteocalcin.
  • Studies show positive correlations between HOMA index and BMD in postmenopausal women with moderate IR, but negative correlations with osteocalcin.

Conclusions:

  • The interplay between bone and metabolic health is intricate, involving factors like insulin, IGF-1, and osteocalcin.
  • Genetic syndromes of extreme IR exhibit high BMD or accelerated growth, suggesting a link between IR severity and bone characteristics.
  • The relationship between IR, obesity, and bone health in postmenopausal women is complex, influenced by adipokines, genetics, and body composition.