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Updated: May 3, 2026

Treating Surfaces with a Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma using the COST-Jet
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Enhancing Titanium Disk Performance through In-Pack Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment.

Gabriel Moura Martins1, Janine Karla França da Silva Braz2, Michelly Fernandes de Macedo3

  • 1Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Campus Universitário UFRN, Lagoa Nova, 9078-970 Natal, RN, Brazil.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|February 15, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment enhances titanium dental implant surfaces for improved osseointegration and bacterial resistance. This innovative method shows promise for advanced dental implantology.

Keywords:
biomaterial surfacesbiosafety optimizationhemocompatibilityimplantsplatelet adhesionsealed package decontamination

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Surface Engineering
  • Dental Implantology

Background:

  • Titanium dental implants are established but require advancements in osseointegration and bacterial resistance.
  • Surface modification techniques are crucial for enhancing implant performance.
  • Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) offers a novel approach for surface treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment on titanium dental implant surfaces.
  • To evaluate the impact of CAP treatment on surface properties, hemocompatibility, and antibacterial activity.
  • To assess the potential of CAP-treated titanium for improved osseointegration and reduced bacterial adhesion.

Main Methods:

  • Titanium discs were treated with CAP Jet within sealed packaging.
  • Surface characterization included wettability, crystalline structure, and chemical composition analysis.
  • Hemocompatibility was assessed via prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and platelet adhesion.
  • Antibacterial efficacy was evaluated using Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Main Results:

  • CAP treatment reduced surface contact angle without altering crystalline structure.
  • No significant changes in overall blood parameters were observed.
  • Plasma-treated samples showed decreased PT and APTT, increased platelet activation, and thrombus formation.
  • Significantly lower bacterial colony formation was observed on CAP-treated surfaces.

Conclusions:

  • CAP Jet treatment is a viable method for modifying titanium surfaces in a sterile, packaged environment.
  • The treatment enhances hemocompatibility markers and promotes platelet activation, potentially aiding osseointegration.
  • CAP treatment effectively reduces bacterial adhesion, indicating improved antibacterial properties for dental implants.