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Goiter in the Qing Dynasty
Shijie Yang1,2, Xiequn Xu3
1Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Abstract:
Empress Dowager Cixi, the supreme ruler of China's Qing Dynasty, along with Imperial Concubine Jin, may have suffered from goiter. Our suspicions were aroused by two interesting historical photographs. Herein, we provide a medical interpretation of these historical images in an attempt to present the cases of these two historical figures.

