Bio-copper nanoparticle-based superhydrophobic membranes for sustainable oil/water separation

The effective separation of oil and water presents a significant global challenge due to the growing prevalence of industrial oily wastewater. In this investigation, a superhydrophobic (SP) coating based on bio-copper (Cu) was successfully created using the grape seed extract and applied onto a textile fabric (TF) to create a highly efficient membrane for oil-water (O-W) separation. The characteristics of the resulting bio-Cu nanoparticles, including surface area, morphology, and composition, were examined. The developed SP TF (STF) membrane, based on bio-Cu, underwent extensive analysis of its wettability, morphology, surface composition, oil absorption capacity, O-W separation performance, flux rate, mechanical stability, and chemical stability. The STF membrane exhibited excellent SP properties, with a high-water contact angle of 156° and a low water sliding angle of 2°, indicating its exceptional ability to repel water. Furthermore, the membrane demonstrated a remarkable oil absorption capacity, separation efficiency, and the flux rate toward three different oils (diesel, corn oil, and kerosene). It displayed good mechanical and chemical stability, with the ability to withstand abrasion and immersion in solutions of different pH values for varying exposure times. These findings highlight the potential of the bio-Cu-based STF membrane as an effective and durable solution for O-W separation applications.