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Buoyancy-Driven Dissolution Instability in a Horizontal Hele-Shaw Cell.

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Mineral dissolution in rock fractures becomes unstable due to buoyancy-driven convection. This study reveals a critical thickness for concentration boundary layers, predicting when this instability occurs in geological formations.

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Area of Science:

  • Geochemistry and Hydrogeology
  • Pore-Scale Reactive Transport

Background:

  • Mineral dissolution in rock fractures is key to geological processes.
  • Buoyancy-driven convection can cause dissolution instability, but pore-scale mechanisms are unclear.
  • Experimental challenges limit understanding of flow and concentration fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate pore-scale mechanisms of dissolution instability driven by buoyancy-driven convection.
  • To analyze dissolution in a radial horizontal geometry using simulations and theory.
  • To develop a predictive model for dissolution instability onset.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and validated a pore-scale modeling approach including gravitational effects.
  • Employed 3D pore-scale numerical simulations to study flow-dissolution dynamics.
  • Conducted theoretical analysis of concentration boundary layers and timescale interactions.

Main Results:

  • Identified a critical length criterion for the onset of buoyancy-driven dissolution instability.
  • Distinguished between confined and semi-infinite domain unstable regimes.
  • Demonstrated instability arises from a gravitationally unstable critical thickness of the concentration boundary layer.

Conclusions:

  • Established a theoretical model, validated by simulations and experiments, to predict dissolution instability.
  • Enhanced understanding of buoyancy-driven dissolution instability in radial horizontal flow.
  • Provided insights relevant to karst hydrology and geological CO2 storage integrity.