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    This study introduces a scalable method for multiplying orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes using modified multi-plane light conversion. The technique enhances OAM optical networks by supporting higher-order radial states and improving capacity.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Optical Communications
    • Quantum Information Processing

    Background:

    • Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) mode multiplication is crucial for OAM optical networks.
    • Current methods using optical coordinate transformation face scalability limitations due to the ray model.
    • Existing schemes are restricted in supporting higher-order radial OAM states.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a scalable scheme for OAM mode multiplication.
    • To extend the capabilities of OAM multipliers to higher azimuthal and radial indices.
    • To unlock new degrees of freedom for radial high-order OAM states.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a modified multi-plane light conversion (MPLC) approach.
    • Implementing a novel optical transformation for OAM mode manipulation.
    • Performing simulations and experimental validation.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated scalable multiplication of OAM modes, including radial index p=0 and p=1.
    • Successfully multiplied 20 OAM modes (p=0) and 10 OAM modes (p=1).
    • Achieved a 3-dB optical bandwidth covering the C-band for OAM mode purity.

    Conclusions:

    • The modified MPLC scheme offers a scalable and flexible strategy for OAM mode multiplication.
    • This approach overcomes limitations of previous methods, enabling higher-order radial OAM states.
    • The findings are valuable for advancing high-capacity OAM optical communication and high-dimensional quantum information processing.