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Effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccination in people with blood cancer
Emma Copland1, Jennifer Hirst1, Emma Mi1
1Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Science, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK.
European Journal of Cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)
|February 15, 2024
Summary
COVID-19 vaccines protect people with blood cancer against hospitalization and death, though effectiveness is lower than in the general population. No increased risk of adverse events was observed in blood cancer patients after vaccination.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Immunology
- Public Health
Background:
- Individuals with blood cancer face higher risks of severe COVID-19 and diminished vaccine responses.
- Assessing COVID-19 vaccine safety and effectiveness in this population is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in individuals with blood cancer.
- To compare vaccine outcomes in blood cancer patients against the general population.
Main Methods:
- A nested matched case-control study using the QResearch primary care database (n=12,274,948).
- Assessed adjusted COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (aVE) against COVID-19 hospitalization and death.
- Self-controlled case series methodology used to analyze 56 adverse events within 28 days of vaccination.
Main Results:
- COVID-19 vaccines demonstrated protection against COVID-19 hospitalization and death in blood cancer patients.
- Vaccine effectiveness was lower in blood cancer patients (aVE 64% for hospitalization after 3rd dose) compared to the general population (aVE 80%).
- No significant difference in adverse event risk was found between blood cancer patients and the general population post-vaccination.
Conclusions:
- The study provides strong evidence supporting COVID-19 vaccination for individuals with blood cancer.
- Vaccination remains a recommended strategy for this vulnerable group despite potentially reduced effectiveness.
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