Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Metacognition01:26

Metacognition

157
Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
157
Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

6.5K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
6.5K
Understanding Consciousness01:23

Understanding Consciousness

303
Consciousness can be defined as the state of being aware of and able to think about one's existence, sensations, and surroundings. It encompasses two major components: awareness and arousal. Awareness pertains to the recognition of environmental stimuli and internal states. At the same time, arousal refers to the physiological readiness to engage with these stimuli, which varies significantly between states like sleep and wakefulness.
Sleep, a crucial state, is characterized by reduced...
303
Subconsciousness and No Awareness01:15

Subconsciousness and No Awareness

242
The concept of subconscious awareness refers to the processing of information below the level of conscious thought, which significantly influences both behaviors and decisions. It is also known as waking subconscious awareness. This complex level of cognition operates without the direct awareness of the individual, facilitating rapid and simultaneous handling of multiple information streams.
An illustrative example of subconscious processing is its role in problem-solving. Often, individuals...
242
Instinct Theory01:29

Instinct Theory

315
Instinct theory proposes that innate biological instincts, like animal behavioral patterns, primarily drive human behavior. These instincts are inborn, not learned, and are fundamental to decision-making and action. Just as animals rely on instincts for critical survival functions such as migration, nest building, and defense, humans are also believed to exhibit behaviors rooted in evolutionary needs. For example, the instinct to reproduce motivates sexual behavior, while territorial instincts...
315
Cognitivism01:17

Cognitivism

1.4K
Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ecological restructuring of the nonbacterial fecal microbiome in obesity across human cohorts.

Gut microbes·2026
Same author

Sex-specific microbial and tryptophan signatures of depression implicate archaeal methanogens and indole-3-acetic acid only in women.

NPJ biofilms and microbiomes·2026
Same author

Integrated miRNA-mRNA Analysis Reveals Obesity-Driven Regulatory Networks in Human Visceral Adipose Tissue With and Without Type 2 Diabetes.

Diabetes, obesity & metabolism·2026
Same author

Comorbid Alzheimer's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Microbiota Shape Age-Associated Gut-Brain Axis Profiles.

Aging cell·2026
Same author

Precision cardiovascular risk prediction in type 1 diabetes: An IMI2 SOPHIA analysis.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Glucose metabolism's impact on Blastocystis presence in the human gut.

Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2025

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

5.7K

"Indole-gence" for the mind.

Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs1, Anna Castells-Nobau1, José Manuel Fernández-Real1

  • 1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain; Nutrition, Eumetabolism, and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain; University of Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain.

Cell Host & Microbe
|February 15, 2024
PubMed
Summary

New research reveals the gut microbiota

More Related Videos

Induction of an Isoelectric Brain State to Investigate the Impact of Endogenous Synaptic Activity on Neuronal Excitability In Vivo
10:19

Induction of an Isoelectric Brain State to Investigate the Impact of Endogenous Synaptic Activity on Neuronal Excitability In Vivo

Published on: March 31, 2016

8.1K
In Vivo Optical Calcium Imaging of Learning-Induced Synaptic Plasticity in Drosophila melanogaster
06:35

In Vivo Optical Calcium Imaging of Learning-Induced Synaptic Plasticity in Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: October 8, 2019

9.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2025

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

5.7K
Induction of an Isoelectric Brain State to Investigate the Impact of Endogenous Synaptic Activity on Neuronal Excitability In Vivo
10:19

Induction of an Isoelectric Brain State to Investigate the Impact of Endogenous Synaptic Activity on Neuronal Excitability In Vivo

Published on: March 31, 2016

8.1K
In Vivo Optical Calcium Imaging of Learning-Induced Synaptic Plasticity in Drosophila melanogaster
06:35

In Vivo Optical Calcium Imaging of Learning-Induced Synaptic Plasticity in Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: October 8, 2019

9.0K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Rising global depression rates necessitate novel therapeutic targets.
  • Current depression treatments primarily focus on the central nervous system.
  • The gut-brain axis is an emerging area for understanding mood disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the gut microbiota's role in depression.
  • To identify specific microbial pathways and receptors involved in depression.
  • To explore potential new therapeutic avenues for depression targeting the gut.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of gut microbiota composition in relation to depression.
  • Investigation of the intestinal receptor G-protein coupled receptor 35 (Grp35) function.
  • Examination of the indole metabolic pathway in the gut.

Main Results:

  • The gut microbiota significantly influences depression.
  • The intestinal receptor Grp35 plays a key role in mediating microbial effects on depression.
  • The indole pathway is implicated in the gut microbiota's connection to depression.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiota represents a promising target for novel depression therapies.
  • Targeting Grp35 and the indole pathway could offer new strategies for managing depression.
  • This study expands our understanding of the gut-brain axis in mood regulation.