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Long-Term Mortality and SGLT2 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes with and without Renal Impairment: An Observational

Abdullah Al-Muhaiteeb1, Barrak Alahmad2,3, Mohamed Abu-Farha4

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Al Amiri Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait.

Medical Principles and Practice : International Journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre
|February 15, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors significantly reduce mortality in type 2 diabetes patients. This study found SGLT2 inhibitors lowered the risk of death, regardless of kidney disease stage or other medications.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are increasingly used for type 2 diabetes management.
  • Previous trials indicate cardiovascular and renal benefits, alongside improved survival rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.
  • To assess the long-term reduction in mortality risk associated with SGLT2 inhibitor use.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study design.
  • Propensity score matching (1:1) to control for confounders.
  • Cox proportional hazards model to evaluate mortality outcomes.

Main Results:

  • After matching, 845 patients were on SGLT2 inhibitors and 845 were not.
  • All-cause mortality was significantly lower in the SGLT2 inhibitor group (2.1% vs. 5.2%).
  • Hazard ratio for all-cause mortality with SGLT2 inhibitors was 0.42 (95% CI, 0.24-0.72).

Conclusions:

  • SGLT2 inhibitors demonstrate a substantial long-term reduction in mortality risk for type 2 diabetes patients.
  • The observed mortality benefit is independent of renal disease stage or concurrent GLP1 agonist use.
Keywords:
Chronic kidney diseaseMortalitySGLT2 inhibitorType 2 diabetes mellitus

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