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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds the telomeric...
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A Sensitive Method to Quantify Senescent Cancer Cells
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Review: Are moles senescent?

Dorothy C Bennett1

  • 1Molecular & Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.

Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research
|February 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Skin moles (melanocytic nevi) are largely senescent, a state of cell aging. This senescence, crucial for understanding melanoma, is primarily driven by telomere dysfunction, not oncogene activation.

Keywords:
CDKN2ATERTbenign nevuscell senescencehumanmelanomamouseoncogenetelomere dysfunction

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular biology
  • Dermatology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Melanocytic nevi (skin moles) have been considered a model for in vivo cell senescence.
  • Recent studies have questioned whether nevi are truly senescent, citing alternative arrest mechanisms and overlapping molecular markers with melanoma.
  • This debate has implications for melanoma diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence for and against cell senescence in melanocytic nevi.
  • To explore the potential inducers of senescence in nevi.
  • To clarify the role of nevi senescence in the context of melanoma development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing genetic, biological, and molecular evidence.
  • Analysis of studies on induced nevi in mouse models.
  • Examination of molecular markers used in human nevus and melanoma research.

Main Results:

  • Strong evidence supports that acquired human benign nevi contain largely senescent cells.
  • A minor subpopulation of non-senescent cells may exist within nevi.
  • Evidence suggests telomere dysfunction, rather than direct oncogene induction, is the primary driver of nevus senescence.

Conclusions:

  • Benign melanocytic nevi are predominantly senescent.
  • Cellular senescence in nevi is mainly induced by telomere attrition.
  • Understanding nevus senescence is vital for advancing melanoma research and therapy.