Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery Mimic: A Case of Coronary Artery to Pulmonary Artery Fistula

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Vascular Biology
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Coronary artery fistulas (CAFs) are uncommon congenital or acquired abnormalities.
• These anomalies involve abnormal connections between a coronary artery and a cardiac chamber or other vessel.
• Typically, CAFs are anatomically distinct from native coronary arteries.

Observation:

• A rare case of a coronary artery fistula was identified.
• The fistula presented with characteristics mimicking a native epicardial left anterior descending artery.
• This included similar size, branching pattern, and visual appearance.

Findings:

• The presented CAF exhibited an unusual resemblance to a normal left anterior descending artery.
• This mimicry posed a diagnostic challenge, differing from typical CAF presentations.
• Advanced imaging modalities were crucial for accurate differentiation.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of considering atypical presentations of coronary artery fistulas.
• It highlights potential diagnostic challenges in cardiovascular imaging.
• Accurate identification of CAFs is critical for appropriate management and patient outcomes.