Related Experiment Videos
[Experience with sisomicin in pediatrics (author's transl)]
Abstract:
Sisomicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is especially effective against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Serratia, indole-positive and indole-negative Proteus species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus. It has a bactericidal action. Although sisomicin is similar to the other aminoglycoside antibiotics, there is not complete cross-resistance to them. Our own pharmacokinetic investigations showed that a dose of 2--3 mg/kg body weight of sisomicin twice daily is necessary in the neonatal period. Infants should be given 2.5 mg/kg body weight three times daily, and school children 1.5--20 mg/kg body weight, likewise three times daily. Excretion of sisomicin in the urine is lower in children than in adults, amounting within 24 hours to only 10--20% in newborns, and 30--40% in school-children. Sisomicin induces excretion of some enzymes in higher quantities from the tubular part of the kidneys, especially alaninaminopeptidase. A report is given on 58 patients, especially newborns and prematures, who were treated for about seven days with sisomicin. The results obtained with a wide variety of infections (such as omphalitis, aspiration of amniotic fluid with broncho-pneumonia, phlegmons of the galea, and also pyelonephritis and mucoviscidosis with pulmonary complications) can be described as good, with a success rate of 85%. On only seven occasions were insignificant transitory side-effects, such as slight increase in transaminases, toxic-allergic exanthema and pain in the region in injection, observed.
Insights
Sisomicin, an effective aminoglycoside antibiotic, demonstrates an 85% success rate in treating various infections, particularly in newborns and premature infants. This antibiotic shows good tolerability with minimal side effects, making it a valuable therapeutic option.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Microbiology
- Pediatrics
Context:
- Aminoglycoside antibiotics are crucial for treating bacterial infections.
- Sisomicin exhibits broad-spectrum activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
- Understanding sisomicin's pharmacokinetics and efficacy in pediatric populations is essential for optimizing treatment.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sisomicin in treating various infections in pediatric patients, especially neonates and premature infants.
- To determine appropriate dosing regimens for sisomicin in different pediatric age groups based on pharmacokinetic data.
- To assess the incidence and nature of side effects associated with sisomicin treatment in children.
Summary:
- Sisomicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is effective against a range of bacteria including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus.
- Pharmacokinetic studies indicate specific dosage requirements for neonates, infants, and school-aged children.
- Clinical data from 58 patients, predominantly neonates and prematures, show an 85% success rate in treating diverse infections with minimal, transient side effects.
Impact:
- Sisomicin offers a viable treatment option for serious bacterial infections in pediatric patients, including neonates.
- The study provides evidence-based dosing guidelines for sisomicin in children, aiding clinicians in effective drug utilization.
- The favorable safety profile suggests sisomicin can be safely administered to vulnerable pediatric populations with careful monitoring.