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Related Concept Videos

Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

Frequency-dependent Selection

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When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
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Mate Choice01:20

Mate Choice

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Mate choice—the decision about whom to mate with—is a type of natural selection, since animals must reproduce to pass down their genes. Mate choice is also called intersexual selection because the behavior occurs between the sexes.
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Natural Selection and Mating Preferences01:06

Natural Selection and Mating Preferences

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The principle of natural selection posits that organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. This principle is closely intertwined with mating preferences, a key aspect of sexual selection, which evolutionary psychologists believe is driven by instincts to propagate one's genes. Such instincts significantly influence mating behaviors and preferences between genders.
Females, due to their biological roles in conception, pregnancy, and nursing,...
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Types of Selection01:46

Types of Selection

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Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
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Formation of Species01:31

Formation of Species

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Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.
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Inclusive Fitness00:57

Inclusive Fitness

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Most altruistic behavior—in which one animal helps another at a cost to themselves—occurs between relatives. Scientists think these altruistic behaviors evolved because they increase the inclusive fitness of the animal providing help.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2025

Assessing Differences in Sperm Competitive Ability in Drosophila
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Gametic selection favours polyandry and selfing.

Michael Francis Scott1, Carl Mackintosh2,3, Simone Immler1

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom.

Plos Genetics
|February 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gametic selection, the competition between sperm or pollen, influences evolution. This study shows that while it can favor polyandry, it also significantly promotes selfing by reducing inbreeding depression.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • Gametic selection, the competition between male gametes, drives evolutionary change.
  • Mating systems, such as female mating frequency and self-fertilization, influence the intensity of gametic selection.
  • This creates a bidirectional evolutionary relationship between gametic selection and mating systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model the co-evolutionary dynamics between gametic selection and mating systems.
  • To investigate the impact of gametic selection on the efficiency of removing deleterious alleles.
  • To explore how gametic selection influences the evolution of mating systems, specifically monandry-polyandry and selfing-outcrossing.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling approach.
  • Analysis of the relationship between mating systems (monandry-polyandry, selfing-outcrossing) and gametic selection.
  • Examination of allele frequency changes and fitness consequences.

Main Results:

  • Monandry and selfing reduce the efficacy of gametic selection in purging deleterious alleles, potentially increasing mutation load.
  • Gametic selection can indirectly favor polyandry by increasing offspring fitness, though this effect is generally weak.
  • Gametic selection significantly alleviates inbreeding depression, providing a strong selective pressure favoring selfing.

Conclusions:

  • Gametic selection plays a crucial role in shaping mating system evolution.
  • The impact of gametic selection on mutation load differs from scenarios without it, potentially increasing load under selfing.
  • Gametic selection's reduction of inbreeding depression may be a key factor driving the evolution of self-fertilization.